1991 Gettysburg National Military Park Bird List

This list was produced by Art L. Kennel and the South Mountain Audubon Society and published in August 1991.

This version is ordered by family. Images of the original alphabetic lists are also available.

Habitat

  • Ground - observed among leaf litter, fallen branches, grasses or weeds.
  • Understory - observed on the lower branches of trees and in tall shrubs.
  • Canopy - observed in the upper leaves of the tree or forest canopy.
  • Open - observed mainly in openings or open areas of woods.

Abundance

  • Common - commonly found and may be expected to be observed in it’s habitat.
  • Uncommon - present in few numbers and is more difficult to observe.
  • Rare - rarely present in the Park and surrounding areas.

Ducks, Geese and Swans

Order: Anseriformes. Family: Anatidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Canada Goose Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Branta canadensis
Tundra Swan Rare Open areas Migratory Transient Cygnus columbianus; listed as Whistling Swan
Wood Duck Rare Understory Summer resident, breeding Aix sponsa
Mallard Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Anas platyrhynchos

New World Quail

Order: Galliformes. Family: Odontophoridae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Northern Bobwhite Uncommon Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Colinus virginianus

Pheasants, Turkeys, & Grouse

Order: Galliformes. Family: Phasianidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Ring-necked Pheasant Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Phasianus colchicus
Ruffed Grouse Uncommon Understory Permanent resident, breeding Bonsa umbellus

Bitterns, Herons and Egrets

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Ardeidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Great Blue Heron Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Ardea herodias
Great Egret Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Ardea alba
Cattle Egret Rare Open areas Summer resident, breeding Bubulcus ibis
Tricolored Heron Rare Open areas Summer resident, breeding Egretta tricolor; previously known as Louisiana Heron

New World Vultures

Order: Accipitriformes. Family: Cathartidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Black Vulture Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Coragyps atratus
Turkey Vulture Common Canopy Permanent resident, breeding Cathartes aura

Hawks, Kites, and Eagles

Order: Accipitriformes. Family: Accipitridae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Northern Harrier Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Circus cyaneus
Sharp-shinned Hawk Uncommon Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Accipiter striatus
Cooper’s Hawk Uncommon Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Accipiter cooperii
Red-shouldered Hawk Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Buteo lineatus
Broad-winged Hawk Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Buteo platypterus
Red-tailed Hawk Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Buteo jamaicensis
Rough-legged Hawk Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Buteo lagopus

Falcons

Order: Falconiformes. Family: Falconidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
American Kestrel Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Falco sparverius
Merlin Rare Open areas Migratory Transient Falco columbarius

Lapwings and Plovers

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Charadriidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Killdeer Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Charadrius vociferus

Sandpipers, Curlews, Stints, Godwins, Snipes, and Phalaropes

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Scolopacidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Greater Yellowlegs       Tringa melanoleuca
Lesser Yellowlegs       Tringa flavipes
Solitary Sandpiper       Tringa solitaria
Willet       Tringa semipalmata
Spotted Sandpiper       Actitis macularia
Upland Sandpiper Uncommon Open areas Migratory Transient Bartramia longicauda (C)
Long-billed Curlew       Numenius americanus (A)
Whimbrel       Numenius phaeopus
Hudsonian Godwit       Limosa haemastica (C)
Marbled Godwit       Limosa fedoa (C)
Ruddy Turnstone       Arenaria interpres
Red Knot       Calidris canutus
Sanderling       Calidris alba
Semipalmated Sandpiper       Calidris pusilla
Western Sandpiper       Calidris mauri
Least Sandpiper       Calidris minutilla
White-rumped Sandpiper       Calidris fuscicollis
Baird’s Sandpiper       Calidris bairdii
Pectoral Sandpiper       Calidris melanotos
Purple Sandpiper       Calidris maritima (C)
Dunlin       Calidris alpina
Curlew Sandpiper       Calidris ferruginea (A)
Stilt Sandpiper       Calidris himantopus
Buff-breasted Sandpiper       Tryngites subruficollis
Ruff       Philomachus pugnax (A)
Short-billed Dowitcher       Limnodromus griseus
Long-billed Dowitcher       Limnodromus scolopaceus
Wilson’s Snipe Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Gallinago delicata
American Woodcock       Scolopax minor
Wilson’s Phalarope       Phalaropus tricolor
Red-necked Phalarope       Phalaropus lobatus
Red Phalarope       Phalaropus fulicarius (C)

Gulls and Terns

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Laridae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Laughing Gull       Leucophaeus atricilla
Franklin’s Gull       Leucophaeus pipixcan
Little Gull       Hydrocoloeus minutus
Black-headed Gull       Chroicocephalus ridibundus
Bonaparte’s Gull       Chroicocephalus philadelphia
Mew Gull       Larus canus (A)
Ring-billed Gull Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Larus delawarensis
California Gull       Larus californicus (A)
Herring Gull Uncommon Open areas Migratory Transient Larus argentatus
Thayer’s Gull       Larus thayeri
Iceland Gull       Larus glaucoides
Lesser Black-backed Gull       Larus fuscus
Ruff       Philomachus pugnax (A)
Slaty-backed Gull       Larus schistisagus
Glaucous Gull       Larus hyperboreus
Great Black-backed Gull       Larus marinus
Sabine’s Gull       Xema sabini (C)
Black-legged Kittiwake       Rissa tridactyla (C)
Ross’s Gull       Rhodostethia rosea (A)
Gull-billed Tern       Gelochelidon nilotica (C)
Caspian Tern       Hydroprogne caspia
Royal Tern       Thalasseus maxima (A)
Roseate Tern       Sterna dougallii (A)
Common Tern       Sterna hirundo
Arctic Tern       Sterna paradisaea (C)
Forster’s Tern       Sterna forsteri
Least Tern       Sternula antillarum (C
Sooty Tern       Onychoprion fuscata (A)
Black Tern       Chlidonias niger

Pigeons and Doves

Order: Columbiformes. Family: Columbidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Rock Dove Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Columba livia
Eurasian Collared-Dove       Streptopelia decaocto (C)
Spotted Dove      Streptopelia chinensis (A)
White-winged Dove       Zenaida asiatica
Mourning Dove Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Zenaida macroura
Common Ground-Dove       Columbina passerina (A)

Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes. Family: Cuculidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Yellow-billed Cuckoo Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Coccyzus americanus
Black-billed Cuckoo Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Coccyzus erythropthalmus

Barn Owls

Order: Strigiformes. Family: Tytonidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Barn Owl Uncommon Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Tyto alba

Typical Owls

Order: Strigiformes. Family: Strigidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Eastern Screech-Owl Uncommon Canopy Permanent resident, breeding Megascops asio
Great Horned Owl Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Bubo virginianus
Snowy Owl       Bubo scandiacus
Northern Hawk Owl       Surnia ulula (A)
Barred Owl Uncommon Canopy Permanent resident, breeding Strix varia
Great Gray Owl       Strix nebulosa (A)
Long-eared Owl Uncommon Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Asio otus
Short-eared Owl       Asio flammeus
Boreal Owl       Aegolius funereus (A)
Northern Saw-whet Owl Uncommon Understory Permanent resident, breeding Aegolius acadicus

Nightjars

Order: Caprimulgiformes. Family: Caprimulgidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Common Nighthawk Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Chordeiles minor
Chuck-will’s-widow       Antrostomus carolinensis (C)
Eastern Whip-poor-will Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Antrostomus vociferus

Swifts

Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Chimney Swift Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Chaetura pelagica

Hummingbirds

Order: Apodiformes. Family: Trochilidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Ruby-throated Hummingbird Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Archilochus colubris
Calliope Hummingbird       Selasphorus calliope (A)
Anna’s Hummingbird       Calypte anna
Rufous Hummingbird       Selasphorus rufus
Allen’s Hummingbird       Selasphorus sasin

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Cerylidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Belted Kingfisher Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Megaceryle alcyon

Woodpeckers, Sapsuckers, and Flickers

Order: Piciformes. Family: Picidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Red-headed Woodpecker Common Canopy Permanent Resident, Breeding Melanerpes erythrocephalus
Red-bellied Woodpecker Uncommon Canopy Permanent resident, breeding Melanerpes carolinus
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Uncommon Canopy Winter resident Sphyrapicus varius
Downy Woodpecker Common Canopy Permanent resident, breeding Picoides pubescens
Hairy Woodpecker Common Canopy Permanent resident, breeding Picoides villosus
Black-backed Woodpecker       Picoides arcticus (A)
Northern Flicker Common Open areas Winter resident Colaptes auratus
Pileated Woodpecker Uncommon Canopy Permanent resident, breeding Dryocopus pileatus

Tyrant Flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Tyrannidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Yellow-shafted Flycatcher Common Open areas Winter resident Unidentified species
Olive-sided Flycatcher Uncommon Canopy Migratory Transient Contopus cooperi
Eastern Wood-Pewee Common Canopy Summer resident, breeding Contopus virens
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Rare Canopy Migratory Transient Empidonax flaviventris
Acadian Flycatcher Common Understory Summer resident, breeding Empidonax virescens
Thaill’s Flycatcher Uncommon Canopy Migratory Transient This flycatcher has now been split into 2 species, the Alder and Willow flycatchers. Empidonax traillii.
Least Flycatcher Uncommon Canopy Summer resident, breeding Empidonax minimus
Hammond’s Flycatcher       Empidonax hammondii (A)
Pacific-slope Flycatcher       Empidonax difficilis (A)
Eastern Phoebe Common Canopy Summer resident, breeding Sayornis phoebe
Say’s Phoebe       Sayornis saya (A)
Vermilion Flycatcher       Pyrocephalus rubinus (A)
Ash-throated Flycatcher       Myiarchus cinerascens (A)
Great Crested Flycatcher Common Canopy Summer resident, breeding Myiarchus crinitus
Western Kingbird       Tyrannus verticalis (C)
Eastern Kingbird ? ? ? Tyrannus tyrannus; on list but no details
Gray Kingbird       Tyrannus dominicensis (A)
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher       Tyrannus forficatus (A)
Fork-tailed Flycatcher       Tyrannus savana (A)

Shrikes

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Laniidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Loggerhead Shrike Uncommon Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Lanius ludovicianus
Northern Shrike Rare Open areas Winter resident Lanius excubitor (C)

Vireos

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Vireonidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
White-eyed Vireo Common Understory Summer resident, breeding Vireo griseus
Yellow-throated Vireo Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Vireo flavifrons
Blue-headed Vireo Uncommon Canopy Summer resident, breeding Vireo solitarius; listed as Solitary Vireo
Warbling Vireo Uncommon Canopy Summer resident, breeding Vireo gilvus
Philadelphia Vireo Rare Canopy Migratory Transient Vireo philadelphicus
Red-eyed Vireo Common Canopy Summer resident, breeding Vireo olivaceus

Jays, Crows, Mapies, and Ravens

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Corvidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Blue Jay Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Cyanocitta cristata
American Crow Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Corvus brachyrhynchos
Fish Crow       Corvus ossifragus
Common Raven Rare Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Corvus corax

Larks

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Alaudidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Horned Lark Uncommon Open areas PR Eremophila alpestris

Swallows and Martins

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Hirundinidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Purple Martin Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Progne subis
Tree Swallow       Tachycineta bicolor
Northern Rough-winged Swallow Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Stelgidopteryx serripennis
Bank Swallow Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Riparia riparia
Cliff Swallow Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
Cave Swallow       Petrochelidon fulva (A)
Barn Swallow Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Hirundo rustica

Chickadees and Titmice

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Paridae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Carolina Chickadee Uncommon Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Poecile carolinensis
Black-capped Chickadee Common Open areas Winter resident Poecile atricapillus
Boreal Chickadee       Poecile hudsonica (A)
Tufted Titmouse Common Understory Permanent resident, breeding Baeolophus bicolor

Nuthatches

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sittidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Red-breasted Nuthatch Uncommon Canopy Permanent resident, breeding Sitta canadensis
White-breasted Nuthatch Common Canopy Permanent resident, breeding Poecile carolinensis

Treecreepers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Certhiidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Brown Creeper Uncommon Understory Winter resident Certhia americana

Wrens

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Troglodytidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Carolina Wren Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Thryothorus ludovicianus
Bewick’s Wren Rare Open areas Summer resident, breeding Thryomanes bewickii (A)
House Wren Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Troglodytes aedon
Winter Wren Uncommon Understory Winter resident Troglodytes hiemalis
Sedge Wren       Cistothorus platensis (C)
Marsh Wren       Cistothorus palustris

Kinglets

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Regulidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Golden-crowned Kinglet Uncommon Open areas OPR Regulus satrapa
Ruby-crowned Kinglet Uncommon C Winter resident Regulus calendula

Gnatcatchers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Polioptilidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Common Canopy Summer resident, breeding Polioptila caerulea

Thrushes

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Turdidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Eastern Bluebird Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Sialia sialis
Mountain Bluebird       Sialia currucoides (A)
Townsend’s Solitaire       Myadestes townsendi (A)
Veery Uncommon Canopy Summer resident, breeding Catharus fuscescens
Gray-cheeked Thrush Uncommon Canopy Summer resident, breeding Catharus minimus
Bicknell’s Thrush       Catharus bicknelli (A)
Swainson’s Thrush Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Catharus ustulatus
Hermit Thrush Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Catharus guttatus
Wood Thrush Common Understory Summer resident, breeding Hylocichla mustelina
Redwing       Turdus rufopalliatus (A)
American Robin Common Understory Summer resident, breeding Turdus migratorius
Varied Thrush       Ixoreus naevius (C)

Mockingbirds and Thrashers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Mimidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Gray Catbird Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Dumetella carolinensis
Northern Mockingbird Common Understory Permanent resident, breeding Mimus polyglottos
Brown Thrasher Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Toxostoma rufum

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sturnidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
European Starling Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Sturnus vulgaris

Pipits

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Motacillidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
American Pipit Rare Open areas Migratory Transient Anthus rubescens

Wood Warblers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Parulidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Blue-winged Warbler Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Vermivora cyanoptera
Golden-winged Warbler Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Vermivora chrysoptera
Tennessee Warbler Rare Open areas Migratory Transient Oreothlypis peregrina
Orange-crowned Warbler       Oreothlypis celata
Nashville Warbler Uncommon Canopy Migratory Transient Oreothlypis ruficapilla
Northern Parula Uncommon Canopy Summer resident, breeding Setophaga americana
Yellow Warbler Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Setophaga petechia
Chestnut-sided Warbler Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Setophaga pensylvanica
Magnolia Warbler Uncommon Canopy Migratory Transient Setophaga magnolia
Cape May Warbler Common Open areas Migratory Transient Setophaga tigrina
Black-throated Blue Warbler Common Understory Summer resident, breeding Setophaga caerulescens
Yellow-rumped Warbler Common Canopy Migratory Transient Setophaga coronata
Black-throated Gray Warbler       Setophaga nigrescens (C)
Black-throated Green Warbler Common Canopy Summer resident, breeding Setophaga virens
Townsend’s Warbler       Setophaga townsendi (A)
Blackburnian Warbler Uncommon Canopy Migratory Transient Setophaga fusca
Yellow-throated Warbler       Setophaga dominica
Pine Warbler Uncommon Canopy Summer resident, breeding Setophaga pinus
Kirtland’s Warbler       Setophaga kirtlandii (C)
Prairie Warbler Rare Open areas Summer resident, breeding Setophaga discolor
Palm Warbler Uncommon Understory Migratory Transient Setophaga palmarum
Bay-breasted Warbler Uncommon Understory Migratory Transient Setophaga castanea
Blackpoll Warbler Common Understory Migratory Transient Setophaga striata
Cerulean Warbler Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Setophaga cerulea
Hooded Warbler Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Setophaga citrina
American Redstart Open areas Summer resident, breeding Setophaga ruticilla
Black-and-white Warbler Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Mniotilta varia
Prothonotary Warbler Rare Understory Summer resident, breeding Protonotaria citrea
Worm-eating Warbler Uncommon Canopy Summer resident, breeding Helmitheros vermivorus
Swainson’s Warbler       Limnothlypis swainsonii (C)
Ovenbird Common Understory Summer resident, breeding Seiurus aurocapilla
Northern Waterthrush Common Understory Migratory Transient Parkesia noveboracensis
Louisiana Waterthrush Rare Understory Summer resident, breeding Parkesia motacilla
Connecticut Warbler       Oporornis agilis
Kentucky Warbler Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Geothlypis formosa
Mourning Warbler Rare Understory Migratory Transient Geothlypis philadelphia
MacGillivray’s Warbler       Geothlypis tolmiei (A)
Common Yellowthroat Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Geothlypis trichas
Wilson’s Warbler Uncommon Understory Migratory Transient Cardellina pusilla
Canada Warbler Uncommon Understory Migratory Transient Cardellina canadensis
Yellow-breasted Chat Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Icteria virens

American Sparrows, Towees, and Juncos

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Emberizidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Green-tailed Towhee       Pipilo chlorurus (A)
Spotted Towhee       Pipilo maculatus (A)
Eastern Towhee Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Pipilo erythrophthalmus; listed as rufous-sided
American Tree Sparrow Common Open areas Winter resident Spizella arborea
Chipping Sparrow Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding OSpizella passerina
Clay-colored Sparrow       Spizella pallida
Field Sparrow Common Open areas Winter resident Spizella pusilla
Vesper Sparrow Uncommon Understory Summer resident, breeding Pooecetes gramineus
Lark Sparrow       Chondestes grammacus (C)
Lark Bunting       Calamospiza melanocorys (A)
Savannah Sparrow Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Passerculus sandwichensis
Grasshopper Sparrow Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Ammodramus savannarum
Henslow’s Sparrow Rare Open areas Migratory Transient Ammodramus henslowii
Le Conte’s Sparrow       Ammodramus leconteii (C)
Nelson’s Sparrow       Ammodramus nelsoni
Saltmarsh Sparrow       Ammodramus caudacutus (A)
Seaside Sparrow       Passerella iliaca (A)
Fox Sparrow Common Open areas Winter resident Passerella iliaca
Song Sparrow Common Open areas Winter resident Melospiza melodia
Lincoln’s Sparrow Uncommon Open areas Migratory Transient Melospiza lincolnii
Swamp Sparrow Uncommon Open areas Winter resident Melospiza georgiana
White-throated Sparrow Common Understory Winter resident Zonotrichia albicollis
Harris’s Sparrow       Zonotrichia querula (C)
White-crowned Sparrow Uncommon Open areas Winter resident Zonotrichia leucophrys
Golden-crowned Sparrow       Zonotrichia atricapilla (A)
Dark-eyed Junco Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Junco hyemalis

Cardinals, Grosbeaks, and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cardinalidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Summer Tanager Rare Canopy Summer resident, breeding Piranga rubra
Scarlet Tanager Uncommon Canopy Summer resident, breeding Piranga olivacea
Western Tanager       Piranga ludoviciana (A)
Northern Cardinal Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Cardinalis cardinalis
Rose-breasted Grosbeak Uncommon Open areas Migratory Transient Pheucticus ludovicianus
Black-headed Grosbeak       Pheucticus melanocephalus (A)
Blue Grosbeak Rare Understory Summer resident, breeding Passerina caerulea
Lazuli Bunting       Passerina amoena (A)
Indigo Bunting Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Passerina cyanea
Painted Bunting       Passerina ciris (C)
Dickcissel Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Spiza americana

Blackbirds, meadowlarks, cowbirds, grackles, and orioles

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Icteridae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Bobolink Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Dolichonyx oryzivorus
Red-winged Blackbird Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Agelaius phoeniceus
Eastern Meadowlark Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Sturnella magna
Western Meadowlark       Sturnella neglecta (C)
Yellow-headed Blackbird       Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
Rusty Blackbird Uncommon Understory WT Euphagus carolinus
Brewer’s Blackbird       Euphagus cyanocephalus
Common Grackle Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Quiscalus quiscula
Brown-headed Cowbird Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Molothrus ater
Orchard Oriole Uncommon Open areas Summer resident, breeding Icterus spurius
Baltimore Oriole Common Canopy Summer resident, breeding Icterus galbula
Bullock’s Oriole       Icterus bullockii (A)
Scott’s Oriole       Icterus parisorum (A)

Finches

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Fringillidae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
Brambling       Fringilla montifringilla (A)
Pine Grosbeak       Pinicola enucleator
Purple Finch Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Haemorhous purpureus
House Finch Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Haemorhous mexicanus
Red Crossbill Rare Canopy Winter resident Loxia curvirostra
White-winged Crossbill       Loxia leucoptera
Common Redpoll Uncommon Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Acanthis flammea
Hoary Redpoll       Acanthis pinus (A)
Pine Siskin Rare Canopy Winter resident Spinus pinus
American Goldfinch Common Open areas Permanent resident, breeding Spinus tristis
Evening Grosbeak Uncommon Understory Migratory Transient Coccothraustes vespertinus

Old World Sparrows

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Passeridae
Abundance Habitat Seasonality Comments
House Sparrow Common Open areas Summer resident, breeding Passer domesticus